Cazorla has not played for the Gunners since October last year and said earlier this month he almost lost his foot due to a serious infection.
Arsene Wenger had expressed hope Cazorla might recover in time to feature again in January but the 32-year-old has suffered a fresh setback.
“Due to some discomfort in the tendon the last few days, I have had to undergo surgery,” Cazorla tweeted on Wednesday.
“It is delaying the date of my return to the field. I maintain my hope and motivation to enjoy my great passion, football.”
The message was accompanied by a picture of Cazorla making a gesture of prayer while in action for Arsenal.
Wenger has admitted Cazorla’s injury is the worst he has ever known, with the player’s foot requiring a series of operations, as well as a skin graft from his arm.
Cazorla joined Arsenal in 2012 from Malaga and has made more than 150 appearances for the club.
Source: AFP